Condition guide
Fibroids and heavy bleeding
A patient guide to fibroids, heavy menstrual bleeding, investigation and treatment options in Cape Town.
In brief
What is fibroids and heavy bleeding?
Fibroids are non-cancerous growths arising from the muscle of the uterus. They can contribute to heavy or painful periods, pelvic pressure and fertility concerns, although many cause no symptoms. Heavy bleeding can also have other causes and should be assessed on its impact and pattern.
This page provides general education, not a diagnosis or personalised treatment plan. Assessment and treatment are tailored to your health, findings and preferences.
Symptoms people may notice
- Periods that are heavier, longer or disruptive
- Symptoms of anaemia such as fatigue or shortness of breath
- Pelvic pressure, pain or abdominal enlargement
- Bleeding between periods or after menopause requires prompt assessment
How assessment may proceed
- History focused on bleeding pattern and its effect on daily life
- Examination and a full blood count
- Pelvic ultrasound as a common first imaging test
- Hysteroscopy or other testing when the uterine cavity needs assessment
Conservative options
- Medicines that reduce bleeding or period pain
- Hormonal options, including an intrauterine system when suitable
- Correction of iron deficiency or anaemia
- Monitoring fibroids that do not cause significant symptoms
Procedures and surgery
- Hysteroscopic removal for suitable fibroids within the uterine cavity
- Endometrial ablation for selected patients
- Uterine artery embolisation after specialist assessment
- Myomectomy or hysterectomy according to symptoms, anatomy and reproductive plans
When to seek urgent care
- Bleeding with fainting, dizziness or shortness of breath
- Soaking through protection rapidly or passing very large clots
- Bleeding after menopause
- Sudden severe pelvic pain
Related care
Relevant procedure guides
Questions
Common questions about fibroids & heavy bleeding
Clinical references
Consultation
